- Ukusetyenziswa kwezixhobo zonyango
- Ukusetyenziswa kobunjineli beethishu
- Ukusetyenziswa kokutsha
- Ubuhle isicelo
I-Collagen luhlobo lweprotheyini emhlophe, e-opaque, engenamasebe, efumaneka kakhulu eluswini, emathanjeni, kwi-cartilage, amazinyo, imisipha, iigaments kunye nemithambo yegazi yezilwanyana.Yiprotheni ebaluleke kakhulu yesakhiwo sezicubu ezidibeneyo, kwaye idlala indima ekuxhaseni amalungu kunye nokukhusela umzimba.Kwiminyaka yakutshanje, ngophuhliso lwetekhnoloji yokukhutshwa kwe-collagen kunye nophando olunzulu malunga nesakhiwo kunye neempawu zayo, umsebenzi webhayoloji we-collagen hydrolysates kunye ne-polypeptides uye waqatshelwa ngokuthe ngcembe.Uphando kunye nokusetyenziswa kwe-collagen kuye kwaba yindawo yophando kwiyeza, ukutya, izimonyo kunye namanye amashishini.
I-Collagen yiprotheni yendalo yomzimba.Inobudlelwane obukhulu beemolekyuli zeprotheyini kumphezulu wolusu, i-antigenicity ebuthathaka, i-biocompatibility efanelekileyo kunye nokhuseleko lwe-biodegradation.Inokuthotywa kwaye ifunnwe, kwaye inonamathela kakuhle.I-suture yotyando eyenziwe nge-collagen ayinayo kuphela amandla aphezulu afana nesilika yendalo, kodwa ibuye ibe nokuxhamla.Xa isetyenziswa, inokusebenza okugqwesileyo kweplatelet aggregation, isiphumo esihle se-hemostatic, ukuguda okuhle kunye nokuqina.I-junction ye-suture ayikhululekile, izicubu zomzimba azonakaliswa ngexesha lokusebenza, kwaye inokubambelela kakuhle kwilonda.Kwiimeko eziqhelekileyo, kuphela ixesha elifutshane lokunyanzeliswa linokufezekisa umphumo owanelisayo we-hemostatic.Ke i-collagen inokwenziwa ibe ngumgubo, isicaba kunye ne-spongy hemostatic.Kwangaxeshanye, ukusetyenziswa kwezinto zokwenziwa okanye i-collagen kwi-plasma substitutes, isikhumba sokwenziwa, imithambo yegazi eyenziweyo, ukulungiswa kwamathambo kunye nethambo lokwenziwa kunye nabathwali be-enzyme abangenakunyakaziswa luphando olubanzi kakhulu kunye nokusetyenziswa.
I-Collagen inamaqela ahlukeneyo asebenzayo kwikhonkco le-peptide ye-molecular, njenge-hydroxyl, i-carboxyl kunye namaqela e-amino, ekulula ukufunxa kunye nokubopha iindidi zee-enzymes kunye neeseli ukuphumeza immobilization.Ineempawu zobudlelwane obuhle kunye nee-enzymes kunye neeseli kunye nokuguquguquka okuqinileyo.Ukongeza, i-collagen kulula ukuyiqhuba kunye nefom, ngoko ke i-collagen ecocekileyo inokwenziwa kwiintlobo ezininzi zezixhobo, ezifana ne-membrane, iteyiphu, iphepha, isipontshi, amaso, njl.Ukongeza kwi-biodegradability, i-tissue absorbability, i-biocompatibility kunye ne-antigenicity ebuthakathaka, i-collagen membrane isetyenziswa kakhulu kwi-biomedicine.Ikwanazo ezi mpawu zilandelayo: i-hydrophilicity eyomeleleyo, ukomelela okuphezulu, i-derma-like morphology kunye nesakhiwo, kunye nokungena kakuhle emanzini nasemoyeni.I-Bioplasticity egqitywe ngamandla aphezulu kunye ne-ductility ephantsi;Ngamaqela amaninzi asebenzayo, inokudityaniswa ngokufanelekileyo ukulawula izinga layo lokuthotywa kwe-biodegradation.Ukunyibilika okunokulungiswa (ukudumba);Inomphumela we-synergistic xa isetyenziswa kunye namanye amacandelo e-bioactive.Unokusebenzisana neziyobisi;Unyango oludityaniswe ngomnqamlezo okanye i-enzymatic yokumisela iipeptides inokunciphisa i-antigenicity, inokwahlula ii-microorganisms, ibe nemisebenzi ye-physiological, efana ne-coagulation yegazi kunye nezinye izibonelelo.
Iifom zesicelo seklinikhi ziyisisombululo samanzi, i-gel, i-granule, isiponji kunye nefilimu.Ngokufanayo, ezi milo zinokusetyenziselwa ukukhutshwa okucothayo kwamachiza.Ukukhutshwa okucothayo kwezicelo zeziyobisi ze-collagen ezivunyiweyo kwiimarike kwaye ziphantsi kophuhliso zijolise kakhulu kwi-anti-infection kunye ne-glaucoma unyango kwi-ophthalmology, unyango lwengingqi kwintlungu kunye nokulawulwa kosulelo ekulungiseni amanxeba, i-dysplasia yomlomo wesibeleko kwi-gynecology kunye ne-anesthesia yendawo kwi-operation. , njl.
Isasazwa ngokubanzi kuzo zonke izicubu zomzimba womntu, i-collagen iyinxalenye ebalulekileyo kuzo zonke izicubu kwaye yenza i-extracellular matrix (ECM), eyimpahla ye-scaffold yendalo.Ngokombono wesicelo seklinikhi, i-collagen isetyenziselwe ukwenza iindidi ze-scaffolds zobunjineli bezicubu, ezifana nesikhumba, izicubu zethambo, i-trachea kunye ne-scaffolds yegazi.Nangona kunjalo, i-collagen ngokwayo inokwahlulwa ibe ngamacandelo amabini, oko kukuthi i-scaffolds eyenziwe nge-collagen ecocekileyo kunye ne-scaffolds edibeneyo eyenziwe ngamanye amacandelo.I-scaffolds yobunjineli be-collagen yezicubu ezicocekileyo zinezibonelelo zokuhambelana kakuhle kwe-biocompatibility, ukusetyenzwa lula, iplastiki, kwaye inokukhuthaza ukunamathela kweeseli kunye nokwanda, kodwa kukwakho iziphene ezifana neepropathi ezisezantsi ze-collagen, kunzima ukubumba emanzini, kwaye ayikwazi ukuxhasa ukwakhiwa kwakhona kwezicubu. .Okwesibini, izicubu ezitsha kwindawo yokulungisa ziza kuvelisa iintlobo ze-enzymes, eziya ku-hydrolyze i-collagen kwaye zikhokelela ekuqhekekeni kwe-scaffolds, ezinokuthi ziphuculwe ngokudibanisa okanye ukudibanisa.I-biomaterials esekwe kwi-collagen isetyenziswe ngempumelelo kwiimveliso zobunjineli zezicubu ezifana nesikhumba sokwenziwa, ithambo lokwenziwa, i-cartilage grafts kunye ne-nerve catheters.Iziphene ze-cartilage ziye zalungiswa kusetyenziswa i-collagen gels efakwe kwi-chondrocytes kwaye kwenziwe iinzame zokufakela i-epithelial, endothelial, kunye neeseli ze-corneal kwiiponji ze-collagen ukuze zilungele izicubu ze-corneal.Abanye badibanisa iiseli ze-stem ezivela kwiiseli ze-autogenous mesenchymal kunye nejeli ye-collagen ukwenza i-tendon ukulungiswa kwe-posttendinous.
Iyeza elenziwe ngobunjineli bolusu elenziwe ngobuchwephesha elincamatheleyo elenziwe ngedermis kunye ne-epithelium ene-collagen njengoko i-matrix isetyenziswa kakhulu kwiinkqubo zokuhanjiswa kweziyobisi kunye ne-collagen njengeyona nto iphambili, enokubumba isisombululo samanzi se-collagen kwiindlela ezahlukeneyo zokuhanjiswa kweziyobisi.Imizekelo ibandakanya abakhuseli be-collagen be-ophthalmology, iziponji ze-collagen zokutshisa okanye ukuxhwaleka, iinqununu zokuhanjiswa kweprotheyini, iifom ze-gel ze-collagen, izinto zokulawula ukuhanjiswa kweziyobisi ngesikhumba, kunye ne-nanoparticles yokuhanjiswa kwemfuza.Ukongeza, inokuthi isetyenziswe njenge-substrate yobunjineli beethishu kubandakanya inkqubo yenkcubeko yeeseli, izinto zesikhafulethi semithambo yegazi eyenziweyo kunye neevalvu, njl.
I-autologous skin grafts ibe ngumgangatho wehlabathi wokunyanga ukutshiswa kwesibini - kunye neyesithathu.Nangona kunjalo, kwizigulane ezinokutshisa kakhulu, ukungabikho kokufakelwa kwesikhumba esifanelekileyo kuye kwaba yingxaki enkulu kakhulu.Abanye abantu basebenzise ubuchule be-bioengineering ukukhulisa izicubu zolusu lomntwana kwiiseli zolusu lomntwana.Ukutshisa kuphilisa ngamaqondo ahlukeneyo kwiiveki ezi-3 ukuya kwiinyanga ezili-18, kwaye ulusu olusanda kukhula lubonisa i-hypertrophy encinci kunye nokuxhathisa.Abanye basebenzisa i-synthetic poly-DL-lactate-glycolic acid (PLGA) kunye ne-collagen yendalo ukuba ikhule i-fibroblasts yesikhumba somntu inamacala amathathu, ebonisa ukuba: Iiseli zakhula ngokukhawuleza kwi-mesh yokwenziwa kwaye zakhula phantse ngaxeshanye ngaphakathi nangaphandle, kunye neeseli ezikhulayo kwaye zifihliwe. I-matrix ye-extracellular yayifana kakhulu.Xa iifiber zifakwe ngasemva kwe-dermal rat, izicubu ze-dermal zakhula emva kweeveki ze-2, kwaye izicubu ze-epithelial zakhula emva kweeveki ze-4.
I-Collagen ikhutshwe kwesikhumba sezilwanyana, isikhumba ngaphezu kwe-collagen iqulethe i-hyaluronic acid, i-chondroitin sulfate kunye nezinye i-proteoglycan, ziqulethe inani elikhulu lamaqela e-polar, yinto ethambisayo, kwaye inefuthe lokuthintela i-tyrosine esikhumbeni ukuba iguquke ibe i-melanin, ngoko ke i-collagen ine-moisturizing yendalo, i-whitening, i-anti-wrinkle, i-freckle kunye neminye imisebenzi, inokusetyenziswa ngokubanzi kwiimveliso zobuhle.Ukwakhiwa kweekhemikhali zeCollagen kunye nesakhiwo senza isiseko sobuhle.I-Collagen inesakhiwo esifanayo kwi-collagen yesikhumba somntu.Yiprotheyini yefibrous enganyibilikiyo emanzini equlethe iswekile.Iimolekyuli zayo zizityebi kwinani elikhulu le-amino acids kunye namaqela e-hydrophilic, kwaye inomsebenzi othile wendawo kunye nokuhambelana kakuhle.Kwi-70% yokufuma okuhambelanayo, inokugcina i-45% yobunzima bayo.Iimvavanyo zibonise ukuba isisombululo esicocekileyo se-0.01% se-collagen sinokwenza uluhlu oluhle lokugcinwa kwamanzi, ukubonelela bonke umswakama ofunwa lusu.
Ngokunyuka kweminyaka, amandla okwenziwa kwe-fibroblast ayancipha.Ukuba ulusu alunayo i-collagen, i-collagen fibers iya kuhlanganiswa, okubangela ukunciphisa i-intercellular mucoglycans.Ulusu luya kulahlekelwa ukuthamba, ukuqina kunye nokukhanya, okubangela ukuguga.Xa isetyenziswe njengento esebenzayo kwizinto zokuthambisa, le yokugqibela inokusasazeka kwindawo enzulu yolusu.I-tyrosine equletheyo ikhuphisana ne-tyrosine eluswini kwaye ibophelela kwiziko le-catalytic ye-tyrosinase, ngaloo ndlela inqanda ukuveliswa kwe-melanin, iphucula umsebenzi we-collagen eluswini, igcina ukufuma kwe-stratum corneum kunye nokuthembeka kwesakhiwo sefayibha. , kunye nokukhuthaza imetabolism yezicubu zesikhumba.Inefuthe elihle lokuthambisa kunye nokuthambisa eluswini.Ekuqaleni kweminyaka yoo-1970, i-bovine collagen yokutofwa yaziswa okokuqala e-United States ukususa amabala kunye nemibimbi kunye nokulungisa amanxeba.
Ixesha lokuposa: Jan-04-2023